Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) Peel Powder Increases the Number of Osteoblasts After Tooth Extraction

Abstract

The loss of structure and volume of alveolar bones due to the process of extracting teeth will result in the resorption of about 25% of the alveolar bone volume. Therefore, an effort is needed to maintain alveolar bone volume after extraction. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells that are responsible for the formation and process of bone mineralization. therefore, it is necessary to provide alternative materials that can assist in the bone formation process, namely the arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) peel which contains active compounds such as polyphenols, tannins, chlorogenic acid, and caffeine. This studi aimed to evaluate the effect of arabica coffee peel powder on increasing the number of osteoblasts in the tooth socket after extraction. Extraction of the left mandibular first molar was performed on 24 male Wistar rats. Then divided into two groups, namely the control group by intragastric administration of sterile aquadest and the treatment group by intragastric administration of Arabica coffee peel powder for 3, 5, and 7 days. Then it was sacrificed to make tissue preparations with HE staining and counting osteoblasts in the socket after tooth extraction. Data analysis used the One Way ANOVA and LSD tests. The results of the one way ANOVA parametric test showed that there were significant differences in the number of osteoblasts between groups (p<0.05) on each day. The LSD results showed a significant difference (p <0.05) on days 5 and 7 between the treatment group and the control group. As conclusion, arabica coffee peel powder tends to increase osteoblast proliferation in the tooth socket after tooth extraction.

Keywords: flavonoids; osteoblasts; wound healing